W. Ray Freden

My blogs have been  remembrances of my Village of Seaview, although I have strayed  from here & there.  Knowing Whites Ferry, as a young lad, was the cast iron sign on the corner of the Sea Street bridge.  I envisoned the ferry as  a motor boat full of passengers crossing the river.  It’s only taken me over 70 years to re-envision a 1600 or 1700’s barge full of livestock crossing the river, and scared out of their hides.

Ray thinks Whites Ferry, for man and cattle, would have looked much like this.

Sketch by Ray Freden

There is plenty to read of the early ferries, but details of the operation are slim. Whites Ferry’s details are  non existent!  So I have compiled some bits and pieces so you and I can take the Ferry from the landing and cross the river.

In the mid-1600’s, the Colonists found themselves continually searching new areas for their needs….timber for building shelters, fertile land for crops, grazing cattle and flowing water for power. They followed trails blazed by the Indians hundreds of years before the white man arrived . The Indians had names for things and places, but the colonists needed their own identification in their own language.

The main trail the Pilgrims used was the ”Greene’s Harbor Path”(Green)?              Which wound it’s way from Plymouth to ”Greene’s Harbor”… named after an early settler.

The Pilgrim Trail began as a foot path used by the native Indians.

This trail later became The Pilgrim Trail that led to Rexhame.  The trail also led to a crossing over the North River at Rogers Wharf,  where the court ordered a ferry crossing.
September 1638, the Court ordered:    “the building of two vessells or boats, one for carring of men  and  another for cattell, of the said North River, with a sufficient man or two to attend them.”

Sketch by W. Ray Freden

The first ferryman was Jonathan Brewster.   There are no records showing that  the ferry took the Brewster name.  Three  years later, 1641, the Ferry was sold to Mr. John  Barker,  Mr. Howell & other investors, with no records showing  the Ferry being named Barker-Howell Ferry Service.   In another sale in 1645, a Mr. Ralph Chapman operated the Ferry once again with no record of the Ferry’s name.   The name ”Whites Ferry” is non-existent  until 1712.  All prior reference I find is, ”The Ferry at New Marsh Harbour” or ”the Ferry near the mouth of the river.”   The Ferry was in operation for 74 years without a formal name until 1712,  when  Benjamin  White took over the Ferry.
However, Cynthia Hagar Krusell’s history shows that Benjamin’s father, Cornelius White, was a ship builder with a yard and was running a ferry service there.   Hence, ”Whites Ferry”.

I found this in L. Vernon Briggs’  ” North River Shipbuilding”:
“Benjamin White was a lineal descendant of Peregrine White and was born in August 1795. Cornelius White, great, great grandfather of Benjamin, lived at Whites Ferry.  He was a shipbuilder and a man of considerable means in his day.  He owned the Ferry boat at one time, it is said”. “it is said” ?
I have found some of the dates don’t jive !  So, do not take the dates I have used as accurate,

Ray’s painting depicts Rogers Wharf with a ferry tied along side.

Whites Ferry,  and the community  of  Littletown lived together as one village for nearly 250 years. The Keen’s, and  Hall’s, built homes on Ferry & Elm St. and were considered  “Whites Ferry” residents.

Barstow Carver, a shipwright at the  White’s Ferry Yards, was referred to as a resident of Whites Ferry.  His  1820 home was on Elm St,  [110 Elm St., corner of Sea St.] which was the Freden residence for 38 years.

Whites Ferry was an ideal ship-building settlement.  There were nine feet of tidal water and a short distance from the mouth leading to the ocean,  a barrier beach peninsular for safe mooring with deep water off Pincin’s Bank ( the area of Little’s Creek mouth), a forest of virgin timber nearby,  iron ore a few miles inland, and the village of Littletown,  growing with industries favorable to the shipbuilding needs.
Lodging, stables, blacksmiths, sail-makers, farmers, shoe & boot makers were now a necessity . A  ”B. shop” ( Blacksmith)  is seen on an 1838 map of Marshfield beside the Hall’s  shipyard on Ferry St.  Notice on this 1838 map, John Ford Jr. puts Whites Ferry in the Hummocks ( Humarock).  Others put the Ferry at the Rogers Wharf.

From L.to R., Ferry st.,  lower L., Elm St.  intersecting with Ferry St.
No Sea St. & no Ireland Rd.
The lower Wharf is the Keen Yard, next above is Hall’s Yard & Blacksmiths Shop. Top, is Rogers Wharf.  Across is Whites Ferry landing place in the Hummocks, ( Humarock).

 

Looking North from the Keen Yard.

Painting by W. Ray Freden

This ad was posted in an 1800’s street listing.
”Ferry” refers to Ferry St., ”S.V.” refers to Sea View.

These yards, with their docks, allowed the farmers & tradesmen  a means of shipping goods via packet ship from Whites Ferry village to distances far beyond horse and wagon, and with less costs. The wharfs of Whites Ferry became an important trade terminal coming and going.

The Whites Ferry yards outfitted  hundreds of ships built up-river. Cabinet makers finished cabins & trim-work,  Shipwrights installed masts, booms and spars, and sail-makers rigged the canvas.  Ropes and lines were fitted by Rope-makers, while blocks and pulleys were made by other woodworking specialist’s.
Early rope-making.

Are you ready for a river crossing?  Be prepared, there is no cabin, poor seating and virtually no comforts.  Lets say it’s early to mid-1800’s, 200 years ago!  One just doesn’t show up and expect to cross at will.  Being on  a tidal river, crossing depended on the height of tide and currents.  At low tide the ferry was usually grounded and it  would take 6 hours before a full high tide. The  ferry was stranded until enough water rose to float it.

This sketch depicts a passenger ferry.
Notice the the polemen struggling with the tide and possibly unfavorable winds!

Most crossings would take place at the high tide approaching  near noon-time. With  a rise of about nine feet,  That would be a vertical rise of 1  1/2 ft.  per hour.  It might take up to a  3-feet rise to float a loaded ferry, so with an arrival at 9 am to load up, it would be afloat about 11 am……that’s 1 hour before a  high ebb tide. Loading a ferry could be a smooth and easy event, if one had some experience and common sense.
First, the horse & carriage.  If this was a new venture for a young horse it could take quite some time.  When the loading ramp is in the down position,  the horse could be led up to and on the ferry.  Some experienced horses could be driven  on without a hitch,  so to speak.

Once aboard, that doesn’t mean you have a happy animal.  Many have to be restrained,  once again taking up valuable time.

”Time and tide waits for no man”

Once the ferry is  afloat,  the ferry men would use long push-poles to move the ferry, pushing into the incoming tide.  The  current  would carry them up-stream, and the pole-pushing would be at a 90º push across to the other side.  Therefore,  a crab-angle would be needed to achieve a predicted landing spot. As the tide slowed & ebbed near,  the crab-angle lessened.  The landing spot on the Hummock, the Scituate  side,  was a man-dug cove offering an  undisturbed, free from current, landing location.  Unloading would only take a few minutes.

Once across the river, the ramp would be lowered for passengers, livestock, and then horse, and wagon.

After unloading on the Hummock, it was nearly a two-mile trip northbound through a path of blown-in sand dunes that many times required a helping push of the wagon.  This trip could take as long as two hours!

The cart-path crossing the barrier beach connecting Third & Fourth Cliffs before November 1898.

Quite often Packet ships could not get through the North River’s  mouth due to the shifting sand bars.     Sometimes it became necessary to travel to the Scituate Wharfs to meet-up with the re-routed Packets.

Most of the crossings were a  fight against the tide. That was easy compared to the  never-ending wind!  A Southeast wind was bad, but a Northeast was brutal!  These two directions affected Whites Ferry the most. A fully loaded  Ferry was like a sail boat!   A  20-mph wind was  difficult to pole against and a 30-35-mph kept the Ferry at a standstill, or even backwards!  Those caught by surprise might have landed a great distance away from the planned landing spot.  Many Ferry crossings were postponed or canceled.

There were  Ferry’s using cables which followed  the same route to and from.   I expect Whites Ferry was poled or rowed as I previously stated.  That meant it could land on the Marshfield side at any convenient stopping spot. The  areas  from the north end of Ferry Hill to the now Ridge Rd. area ( The Keen’s Yard)  provided different landing places.
It has been assumed that the crossing was at the site of the historic sign and followed the  route of  the Sea St bridge, That’s not necessarily true, as the returning ferries had nearly a half-mile of different landing locations.

A horse and carriage traveling on the new Sea St. towards the Humarock   Bridge. The  Whites Ferry Stables, right center, corner of Ferry St.        

c. before 1901.

That Ferry service lasted over 244 years, and was virtually unchanged…..that’s eight family generations!   It’s a shame this historic place is overlooked.   The area has been lost as an important contributor to the growth of Humarock.   There is no recognition of the Keen Shipyard, the Hall Shipyard,  and  Rogers Wharf.

This small community within the Village of Sea View ( re-named from Littletown),  about 1873, should be recognized and deemed a National Historic site!

A Brigantine  built at the Hall Yard.

”A ship in port is safe, but that’s not what ships are built for.”
Grace Hopper.

Note:
Some names have been found spelled two ways, i.e. Keen/Keene.
Also, some of this blog has been theorized by me, however, most of the facts have been gleaned from L. Vernon Briggs’,  ” History of Ship Building on the North River”
Any comments or corrections will gladly be received. 

 

W.Ray Freden.  SeaView, Marshfield 70 years.

 

 

In the early 40’s I walked the ”Old Railroad Bed” trying to span the ruts and valley’s of the removed ties.  I even tried to ride my bike over them… to no avail.

The valley’s are long gone!

At a young age, I was allowed to walk the bed down to “the crossing”, a cart path that ran from Station St. to David Seager’s well house ( now Pinehurst Drive).  There were Towhee’s scratching  in the leaves, an Ovenbird singing deeper in the woods. I saw the only one Redstart in my life, and my first Scarlet Tanager.

 

Later  in the afternoon I remember scaring-up Woodcocks feeding along the edges of the banking.

 

A resident Box Turtle  and I crossed paths many times. I would  always check  it out to see if it had the initials “BB” carved in its bottom shell. I could never confirm who ” BB” was.

I left the vicious Snappers alone,  and the fast  little Painted ones alluded me.

When I got older, I was allowed to travel farther away from home.
After the crossing,  there was a large cornfield.  I remember scaring up  hundreds of Mourning Doves many times.


Meadow Larks were a common sight in these same fields.
They often sat on the fence posts or as seen here on the barbed wire.

 

Sometimes, stuffed in my pocket, I had a hook and line wrapped up in brown paper. I’d search for a worm or bug to attach, hoping to catch young trout in the stream running though a culvert under the old bed. We locals called it Pocahontas creek. The trout were too small to bring home, but this was my entertainment.

One day I was sitting  on the banking waiting for a bite and a four-foot Black Racer snake slithered by, not five feet away!  In the years I plied that old bed, I encountered Garter snakes, Milk snakes, a Puff Adder, some Grass snakes, a number of ribbon snakes….all of which I chased down and caught just for fun. I knew these were non-poisonous and most didn’t try to bite.

Returning home late in the afternoon, I looked up and watched  the hundred or more crows returning to roost in the great pines on Seager’s Hill.

Quite often, a bevy of Bob White Quail would scamper through the brush rattling  the leaves. I knew when early evening came, the Bobwhites would call, whistling ‘bob-bob-white’, over and over.
I wonder if there are any Bobwhites left?

 

As I continued my stroll home, a Cottontail rabbit was sitting motionless until I was two feet from it. The little guy leaped into the air, flipped to one side and scampered out of sight!  It’s unusual departure made me laugh.

Just after dusk a Red Fox would bark, it was more like a ‘ba-a-a-rh’ ! I could imitate the bark well. I used to think we were talking to each other.

 

Just after dusk, one of my favorite bird calls would be heard, a  Whip-poor-Will would tune in with its song.
‘whip-poor-will’, ‘whip-poor-will’, over and over.

Look up the folklore of the Whippoorwill, aka goat sucker.

At my bedtime the Tree Frogs would peep , peep & peep -me-to-sleep.

 

“Nature is mans teacher, she unfolds her treasure to his search, unseals his eyes, illumes his mind, and purifies his heart;  An influence breathes from all sights and sounds of her existence.”
                                   Alfred Billings Street.

So-called “progress”, has utterly destroyed  this amazing wildlife stage that Mother Nature provided for me.  The clearing of land, the housing developments , the paved roads…. all this has done away with these creatures’ homes. Not one of these creatures could prevent this kind of destruction to their beloved village and they just moved away in silence.
Today, there is only one creature left to help save what’s left of this habitat…… that’s Man:  people, neighbors, abuters, and the power company!
This old Railroad bed has all of the requirements to remain a nature path , not a wide groomed roadway made easy for man to walk without getting his Nike Dunk Low’s or Yeezy’s dirty.
Have you ever noticed these creatures that walk paths through the woods  never look dirty?
 Even more wildlife, that I have not mentioned, once roamed this old bed.  Pay attention  people, when the creatures are gone, we will follow.
I challenge anyone to find the same observations  today, exploring that old Railroad bed!

Coincidentally, I just ran across this information published in a local newspaper.

“People need to pay attention to the birds around them because they are slowly disappearing,” said study lead author Kenneth Rosenberg, a Cornell University conservation scientist. “One of the scary things about the results is that it is happening right under our eyes. We might not even notice it until it’s too late.” Material from The Associated Press.
And more of Ken’s findings:
“Grassland birds have declined by 53% since 1970- A loss of 700 million adults in the 31 species studied, including Meadowlarks and Northern Bobwhites.”

 

W. Ray Freden
Seaview/ Marshfield 70 years.

12/3/2019 Update:
I have added a sketch of how the original Little mill might have looked in the late 1600’s.

In the mid 1600’s, the Thomas Little family settled alongside a small stream that flowed easterly into the North River. They dammed-up the stream and created a pond for a controlled water supply to operate a saw and grist mill on the north side of Little’s Creek. The first power was supplied by an undershot water wheel. The Grist Mill Stones were shipped in from England and the Little’s got to work grinding corn and other grains for their own use as well as providing a place for other locals to mill grains. The use of the mill by others was usually bartered with a percentage of grain or other tradable goods.

An oil painting of the Little’s Mill. The small shed attached  on the left was the original Grist Mill . The Little’s homestead is within the trees, center. Elm St. is on the far right. The North River, upper left.

This oil painting was found in an antique shop in Hingham, 1981. The view is  from Sea View Heights, (now Deer Hill), by an unknown artist and before 1884. Owned by Ray Freden.

Thomas Little (b. 1610-d. 1671) acquired this farm about 1662, from the estate of Major William Holmes that arrived in Marshfield about 1658. Thomas improved the land and erected additional buildings. The Little family continued living there for the next 279 years with the second Luther Little  being the last Little living there. Luther  died in 1941.

William and Solomon Little , sons of Captain Luther Little (1757-1842), were still operating a grist mill in 1838. In 1871, at the age of 70 , William and Solomon sold the Mill, water wheel, the mill stones and water rights , to William Randall of Providence R.I. for one thousand dollars, with the understanding that they continue operating the Grist mill. However, the Little’s reserved the rights of taking from the pond, ice, trout, and other fish for their family’s use.

In 1872 George S. Randall moved to Marshfield, and, with his brother William W. Randall, went into business known as Randall Brothers. They maintained the original grist mill and added a three-story building where they manufactured cabinet organs.

A close up of the above painting .

On Sept 24, 1884, a disastrous fire destroyed the buildings and nothing could be salvaged. In October, William Randall sold his part of ownership and dissolved their partnership. The deed continued to include the wishes of the Little’s.

George Randall proceeded to rebuild a factory 30’x40′ by two stories high, along with a grist mill including a small 18” mill stone complying with the stipulation in his deed from the Little’s . The Mill reopened in 1885.
A newspaper publication of 9/24/1884

The new building’s gables now were north & south. The previous building’s gables were east & west.

The following few paragraphs are excerpts from the Boston Biographical Review  Publishing Co., “Sketches of leading citizens of Plymouth County”

‘GORGE S. RANDALL, of Marshfield Hills, whose organ-case factory
at Sea View is one of the important industrial plants of this locality, has long been interested in the manufacture of musical instruments, and before the piano had supplanted the cabinet organ in the homes of the people. He made many organs for the music trade. He was born in Winthrop, Me., on November 11, 1833, the son of Penuel and Emily (Baker) Randall.’

‘George S. Randall in his boyhood attended the common schools of Winthrop, Me., and when he was seven years old he also began to work at shoe-making. Thrown on his own resources at the age of fourteen by the death of his father, he was a skilled workman in the “gentle craft of leather” at the age of seventeen. At nineteen he began to learn the trade of cabinet- and chair- making, which he followed for a number of years. In April, 1856, he went to Ansonia, Conn., to learn to tune organs, and the following year his employer, Mr. Fisk, took him into partnership with the firm becoming Fisk & Randall. They engaged in the manufacture of organs and melodeons for six years at Woodbridge, Conn., and then moved to New Haven, where they built a large factory. A few years later Mr. Randall disposed of his for business in New Haven to the Schoeninger Organ and Melodeon Company, and moved to Providence, R.I. There was formed the firm of Baker & Randall, cabinet organ manufacturers, with which he was connected for about four years’.

George  Randall ‘s brothers , William & Jason,  on the front step of William’s home at 91 Summer St.

William W. Randall, b. in Parkman Maine, June 9. 1842 to Penuel and Emily Randall. m. Betsey J. Mitchell , 1884. William died August 3, 1924. age 82 yrs. Betsey died Dec, 23, 1912, age 63.. Their children were Archie W. Randall, b. 8/15/1885 and Charles W. Randall, b. 9/15/1887. d.8/3/1924.

William and Betsey’s home at 91 Summer St. Sea View. c. 1910.

William came to Marshfield in 1871, nine years after being wounded at age 20  at the second Bull Run Battle in Manassas, Va. He purchased the Little’s Mill, within a few months, and started a woodworking business with his brother in 1872. He married in 1884, and suffered a total loss of his business by fire. The same year he acquired a Grocery business from George Curell, and constructed a building on the Curell property. The first floor consisted of a grocery store with living quarters on the second floor.

This building became the Sea View Post Office until 1922, then continued as a general store into the late ’30’s.

At a later date, William, now in his 50’s, built a shop behind his residence, c. 1893, and began a woodworking business. He built wooden model boat kits. These were assembled by other craftsmen and sold to collectors.

The William Randall boat models were of much detail.

The models were identified with a sticker attached to hull.

Although the models were not built in this building, it was clever advertising  to use a likeness of the original Randall Mill, water wheel and pond.

George Randall was a busy man building organ cases and parts for organs in his water-powered mill alongside the Little Creek and across from the Little’s Pond (now Keen’s) on Summer St., just short of 500 ft. from Church & Elm Streets. His cabinets were made only from the finest hardwoods…cherry, black walnut & mahogany. These fine woods would be ordered from out of state suppliers and shipped by rail to the Sea View RR Station less than a half mile away. This method of shipping was a boom to all the Sea View businesses.

An example of Randall’s work now on display at the Marshfield Historical society’s Marsha Thomas house at 65 Webster St. Marshfield.

This kind of work was dedicated to only the finest quality available for the consumer. Profits from this business allowed George Randall to live a luxurious life. He built a handsome Dutch Colonial home, and a mansard roofed barn at 103 Prospect St. Marshfield Hills. He and his wife Marion enjoyed the social and political life, along with his affluent neighbors.

George died in 1903. His wife sold this property in 1905 and Marion moved to Ansonia Ct. The Mill and its contents and land were sold to Andrew Lincoln “Link” Creed with the right to manufacture the ‘Pitman rod’ for pianos. This was the last successful business carried on at the former Randall Mill. Creed died in 1939.

Some attempt to make lawn decorations, bird houses, and whirlygigs in the early 40’s was done by an unknown woodworker. I remember my Dad stopping by for some unknown reason, and I was taken by a blue airplane whirlygig set up on the fence railing along the street. Oh how I wanted that airplane. It was $3.50… Huh, it might as well have been $350. My Dad hadn’t that kind of money for some needless decoration! Upon leaving in sadness, the man said to Dad, “Two dollars and take it away”. But home we went without an airplane.

WW2 came along and the mill became vacant. About 1948, while on a fishing venture to the creek that flowed under the Mill which became mixed with tidal water, one might be lucky enough to catch a “salty” trout. Looking up under that shed attached to the main building were openings where the turbine water wheels were installed by George Randall replacing the undershot wheel. There was room enough for a young kid, about as big around as a pencil, to squeeze into the shed. The shed contained two turbines, one 6-inch and one 9-inch. Later I was told by Philip Randall, the 6” ran the small machinery and both ran the large machines. An unlocked door led the way into the first floor where large wide belt pulleys and long shafts were attached to the turbines. The next floor was bare, but there were witness marks where machines once stood with openings in the floor for the wide leather drive-belts that came up to the machine. There was no inside access to the next floor up, but there was access by outside stairs. I did not try to access other floors.

The Randall Mill in 1943 with outside access to the third floor.
The third floor and above was added on  by  A. Lincoln Creed.

Philip Randall, master cabinetmaker, 1920-1994 was the grandson of William. Phil purchased the machinery in the mill late 1945 with his discharge money from the Navy Seabee’s. These machines still run today in the shop at the rear of 91 Summer St.   In the shop that William built, his son Charles created model boats, along with various woodworking jobs, and sharpening tools for others.

 Philip Randall in his shop in 1988.

Phil worked in that shop from 1945 to the early 1990’s. It was sold to another woodworker who carried on the same type of woodworking that the Randall’s had for nearly one hundred and fifty years. Phil was my mentor.

Mentoring is a brain to pick, an ear to listen, and a push in the right direction – John C. Crosby

W. Ray Freden
Seaview Marshfield
70 years.

A special thanks to Janet Peterson, researcher of George S. Randall, William  Randall and their descendants.
Also a thanks to Robin Mitchell, author of “Yesterday’s Marshfield”, for including photos of my collection pages 34, 35 & 37.